The following guidelines are designed to expedite standardization in structure and format in chapters contributed to edited volumes. The guidelines cover: typing/word processing, chapter components, chapter opening, chapter structure, heads & subheads, page numbers, illustrations and references. If you have any questions or need clarification on manuscript preparation, E-mail: Editor@Functionality.Org or Principal@Functionality.Org

TYPING/WORD PROCESSING. All text should be tvped double-spaced. The preferred font size is 12 (Courier). Standard word processing programs should be used, such as WordPerfect 5.1 or highhould be used, such as WordPerfect 5.1 or higher or Microsoft Word, on PCs.

CHAPTER COMPONENTS. Chapters will normally contain the following: a title, author name(s) and affiliation(s), an Introduction explaining the contents of the chapter, text sections introduced by heads and subheads, illustrations, conclusion, and references.

CHAPTER LENGTH. The length should be between 25-30 typed pages (double space) excluding tables and figures. Length may be larger provided so approved by the Editor.

CHAPTER TITLE. The Chapter should open with the full title as it is to appear in the book’s table of contents. There is no need to make a table of contents.

COPYRIGHT PERMISSIONS. Authors are responsible for obtaining permission from copyright holders for extensive borrowing of text or for use of illustrations. Form for obtaining permission is attached at the bottom of this set of instructions. This may be copied as needed. Permissions to reproduce material must be included with the final manuscript. See form below.

AUTHOR NAME(S) AND AFFILIATION(S). Under the title list the chapter authors together with their affiliations.

INTRODUCTION. Chapters should begin with a 2-3 paragraph Introduction delineating the articles (chapters) contents.

HEADS & SUBHEADS. Heads and subheads denote the words that label divisions of text within a chapter. First-order heads label primary divisions in the text. Second-order heads or subheads label further divisions within primary divisions. Please mark the heads in such a way that the editor can distinguish between first-order, second-order, etc., heads.

ILLUSTRATIONS. Illustrations refer to all graphic material, including tables, graphs, photographs, and line drawings. Photographs must be in digital form (JPEG, PDF, etc) amd must be ready to uploading to web-volume of be  camera-ready, i.e., suitable for further processing without touch up. All CDs or floppies should be numbered and clearly labeled as either a Figure (photograph/drawing/graph) or Table (table/chart). Each should be mentioned in the text by its label and number, e.g., Figure 10.

PAGE NUMBERING. All pages of the chapter should be numbered in consecutive Arabic numerals.  These may be printed or handwritten.

REFERENCES. Two issues should be kept in mind: 1) how a source is referred to within the text and 2) how a source is described in alphabetical order (ascending in terms of year for the same author) at the end of the chapter. In regard to number 1, we accept the author-date system where a source is cited in the text using parentheses containing the last name of the source’s author(s) or editor(s) and the date the source was published, the two being separated by a comma. Example (Gates, 1996). Description of the source includes selected information in a specific order as follows:

Books:

Author/editor(s)’ last name(s), first initial. Date of publication. Title of book. Place of publication: Publisher, page number(s).

Sample reference for book: Rail, C.W., and Polsen, 0. 1995. Groundwater Contamination. Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Co., pp.104-107.

Chapter in an Edited Volume:

Chapter author(s)’ last name(s), first initial. Date of publication. "Chapter title" In: Title of Book, ed, name of editor(s). Place of Publication: Publisher, page number(s).

Sample reference for chapter in an edited volume: Kieber-Emmons, T. 1993. "Strategies in Protein-Based Rational Drug Design," in Biologically Active Peptides, eds., W.V. Williams and D.B. Weiner, Lancaster, PA: Technomic Publishing Company, Inc., pp. 1-34.

Journal articles:

Author(s)’ last name, initial. Year of publication (bold). Article title. Title of journal (Italics). Volume number (issue number in parentheses), first and last page number (with a hyphen in between).

Sample of reference for journal article: Smith, A.B. 1990. A Progressive Fracture of Fiber Composites in Stealth Bombers, J. Composite Materials, 20(2): 104-110.

Proceedings volume:

Author/editor(s)’ last name, initial. Date of publication. Proceedings title, including meeting date and location, if available. Page number(s).

Sample reference for proceedinas volume: Rogers, 0. et al. 1990. Proceedings of the U.S.Japan Workshop on Intelligent Materials, March 19-20, 1989, Honolulu, Hawaii, p. 98. waii, p. 98.